Alpha-GPC (Alpha-glycerophosphocholine) is a natural compound found in the brain and also commonly used as a dietary supplement. It contains a choline molecule bound to a glycerol backbone, and it’s known for its potential cognitive-enhancing effects. When Alpha-GPC is formulated into capsules, it’s typically in the form of Alpha-GPC powder encapsulated within a gelatin or vegetarian capsule.
Chemical Structure:
The chemical structure of Alpha-GPC is:
HO-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-N+(CH3)3Cl-
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O-P(=O)([O-])O
Here, the choline group is represented by N(CH3)3, and the phosphate group is linked to the glycerol backbone.
Physical Properties:
Appearance: Alpha-GPC capsules typically contain white to off-white powder.
Solubility: Alpha-GPC is highly hygroscopic (it absorbs water readily) and moderately soluble in polar solvents such as water.
Melting Point: Alpha-GPC is usually encountered as a stable solid at room temperature. It doesn’t have a distinct melting point but may decompose upon heating.
Stability: Alpha-GPC is relatively stable under normal storage conditions, but it can degrade over time when exposed to heat, moisture, or acidic environments. Proper storage is necessary to maintain its potency.
Odor and Taste: Alpha-GPC typically has a faint, slightly sweet taste and odor.
Density: The density of Alpha-GPC powder can vary depending on its moisture content and the specific manufacturing process. It’s generally around 1.0 to 1.2 g/cm³.
Molecular Weight: The molecular weight of Alpha-GPC is approximately 257.2 g/mol.
Hygroscopicity: Alpha-GPC has a high affinity for water and tends to absorb moisture from the surrounding environment. This property can affect its stability and may lead to clumping or changes in texture over time if not stored properly.
pH Sensitivity: Alpha-GPC is stable within a certain pH range, typically neutral to slightly alkaline conditions. Extreme pH levels can cause degradation.
These physical properties are important to consider for both the formulation of Alpha-GPC into capsules and its storage conditions to maintain its efficacy as a dietary supplement.